Patwari Exam · Rajasthan GK

Geography of Rajasthan

This note introduces Rajasthan's geography — its area, location, the Aravalli range, the Thar Desert and administrative divisions.

Key Facts

India's largest state: Rajasthan is India's largest state by area — 3,42,239 sq km, 10.4% of India's total area; 33 districts (50 districts from 2023).
Location: Located between 23°3′ N and 30°12′ N latitude and 69°30′ E and 78°17′ E longitude.
Tropic of Cancer: The Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) passes through the districts of Dungarpur and Banswara.
Aravalli Range: The world's oldest fold mountain range; Guru Shikhar (1,722 m), in Mount Abu, Sirohi, is Rajasthan's highest peak.
Thar Desert: Spreads over about 60% of Rajasthan; includes Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Jodhpur.
Neighbouring states: Punjab and Haryana lie to the north; Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh to the east; Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat to the south; and Pakistan to the west.
International border: Shares a 1,070 km border with Pakistan, across 4 districts — Ganganagar, Bikaner, Jaisalmer and Barmer.
Capital and population: The capital is Jaipur (the Pink City); population is about 7.9 crore (2011 census).
Monsoon: The south-west monsoon arrives by late June; eastern Rajasthan gets about 800 mm and western Rajasthan 100–150 mm of annual rainfall.
Administrative divisions: Since 2023, there are 7 divisions (sambhag) — Jaipur, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Kota, Ajmer, Bikaner and Bharatpur.

Which is Rajasthan's highest peak?+

Guru Shikhar (1,722 m), in Mount Abu (Sirohi), is Rajasthan's highest peak.

What is the area of Rajasthan?+

Rajasthan's area is 3,42,239 sq km, which is 10.4% of India's total area.

How much of Rajasthan is covered by the Thar Desert?+

The Thar Desert spreads over about 60% of Rajasthan, including Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Jodhpur.