Comprehension and Precis Writing

आयोग ने क्या माँगा है

आयोग ने इस बिंदु को इन शब्दों में रखा है — ‘Comprehension of an Unseen Passage (300 Words approximately); 05 Questions based on the passage and Precis Writing (of the same passage) approximately 100 words.’ ध्यान देने की बात यह है कि precis उसी passage का माँगा गया है जिस पर प्रश्न पूछे गए हैं। इसका व्यावहारिक अर्थ यह है कि passage एक ही बार ठीक से पढ़ लेने पर दोनों काम हो जाते हैं।

300 शब्दों को 100 शब्दों में लाना है, यानी लगभग एक-तिहाई — वही अनुपात जो हिंदी के संक्षिप्तीकरण में है। दोनों की विधि भी एक ही है, इसलिए दोनों का अभ्यास साथ करना सबसे किफ़ायती रहता है।

विधि — एक बार पढ़िए, दो काम कीजिए

Precis के नियम

Worked example — passage

नीचे का passage और उसका हल इसी पृष्ठ के लिए तैयार किए गए हैं। पहले passage पढ़िए, फिर पाँच प्रश्न और precis स्वयं लिखिए, और उसके बाद उत्तर देखिए।

Every few years a new technology is announced as the thing that will finally fix education, and every few years the results fall short of the promise. Radio was going to bring the best teachers to the remotest village. Television was going to do the same, and then the personal computer, and then the internet. Each of these did change something, and none of them changed as much as was claimed.

The reason is not that the technologies were weak. It is that the problem they were expected to solve was never only a problem of delivery. A student in a remote village does not fail to learn merely because no good lecture reaches her. She may be absent because the school is far, or tired because she works before class, or silent because nobody has ever asked her a question she could answer. A better lecture, delivered more cheaply, does not touch any of this.

What technology does do well is remove a particular kind of scarcity. Where there is no library, it can supply text. Where a subject has no teacher at all, it can supply an explanation. Where a student cannot ask a question in class, it can sometimes let her ask it privately. These are real gains and they should not be dismissed.

The mistake lies in treating them as the whole answer rather than as one part of it. The schools that use technology well are usually the ones that were already working — where teachers are present, where attendance is tracked, where somebody notices when a child stops coming. Technology multiplies what a school already has. That is precisely why it helps the strongest schools most and the weakest schools least, which is the opposite of what is usually promised.

Worked example — प्रश्न और उत्तर

Q1. Which technologies does the writer list as having been announced as fixes for education?

Radio, television, the personal computer and the internet.

Q2. According to the writer, why did these technologies fall short?

Because the problem they were expected to solve was never only a problem of delivering teaching. The real obstacles — distance, tiredness from work, and never being asked an answerable question — are untouched by a better or cheaper lecture.

Q3. What kind of scarcity does the writer say technology removes well?

It supplies text where there is no library, an explanation where a subject has no teacher at all, and a private way to ask a question where a student cannot ask one in class.

Q4. What, in the writer's view, is the central mistake?

Treating technology as the whole answer rather than as one part of it.

Q5. Why does the writer say technology helps the strongest schools most?

Because it multiplies what a school already has. Schools that already have present teachers, tracked attendance and someone who notices absence gain most, while the weakest schools, having least to multiply, gain least.

Worked example — precis

Title

Technology and the Limits of Delivery

Precis

The writer argued that each new technology — radio, television, the computer and the internet — had been announced as a cure for education and had fallen short, not because the technologies were weak but because education was never only a problem of delivery. Distance, exhaustion and never being asked an answerable question remained untouched by cheaper lectures. Technology genuinely removed scarcity of text and explanation, but it multiplied what a school already possessed, and therefore helped strong schools most and weak ones least. (81 words)

ध्यान दीजिए कि precis में मूल का एक भी पूरा वाक्य ज्यों का त्यों नहीं आया है, और फिर भी चारों paragraphs की मुख्य बात आ गई है। शब्द-संख्या 81 है, यानी 100 से कम — यह चलता है, क्योंकि आयोग ने ‘approximately’ लिखा है और precis में कम शब्दों में पूरी बात कह देना कमी नहीं, गुण है। ध्यान केवल यह रखना है कि कोई आवश्यक बिंदु छूटे नहीं।

इससे जुड़ा हुआ अध्याय

किन परीक्षाओं में पूछा जाता है

यहाँ केवल वही परीक्षा दी गई है जिसका आधिकारिक पाठ्यक्रम पढ़ा जा चुका है।

स्रोत और सामग्री के बारे में

यह पृष्ठ RPSC के आधिकारिक पाठ्यक्रम एवं परीक्षा योजना, दिनांक 09-01-2026 पर आधारित है। आयोग का नोट भी ध्यान रखिए — परीक्षा योजना केवल सामान्य मार्गदर्शन के लिए है, अंक और प्रश्न-संख्या में बदलाव संभव है। इस पृष्ठ के सभी passage, वाक्य और नमूना उत्तर पढ़ाने के लिए स्वयं तैयार किए गए हैं।