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RAS Mains · Paper II · Unit I

Administrative Ethics

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RAS Mains, Paper II, Unit I: the nine syllabus points and every page under each.

Verified 2 October 2026
9 syllabus sections83 pagesHindi + English

  1. Ethics and human values; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values

    Ethics: Meaning, Nature and Why Administration Needs ItEthics, Morality, Values and Law: Telling Them ApartThe Branches of EthicsValues: Types and SourcesThe Family's Role in Forming ValuesSociety's Role in Forming ValuesThe Role of Educational Institutions in Forming Values

  2. Moral concepts: Rit, Rin, Karmavada, duty, good and virtue; lessons from great leaders, reformers and administrators

    Lessons from Leaders, Reformers and AdministratorsRit (Rta): The Vedic Idea and Administrative ExcellenceRin: The Idea of Three DebtsKarmavada and EthicsDuty: The Concept and Bradley's "My Station and Its Duties"The Good and VirtuePurushartha

  3. Ethics in private and public relationships; philosophical basis of integrity, impartiality and non-partisanship; liberal society: transparency, media and bureaucracy

    Private vs Public EthicsIntegrityImpartialityNon-partisanship and Political NeutralityTransparencyMedia and Ethics (Liberal Society)Bureaucracy in a Liberal SocietyCivil Service Values: Nolan's Seven Principles, 2nd ARC "Ethics in Governance" and Constitutional Values

  4. Ethics of Bhagavad Geeta and its role in administration

    The Gita for Administrators: an OverviewNishkama KarmaSthitaprajnaLokasangrahaArjuna's Dilemma and How the Gita Resolves ItSvadharma, Detachment and Equanimity

  5. Gandhian ethics

    Satya (Truth) and SatyagrahaAhimsa (Ahimsa Paramo Dharma) and its Jain LinkMeans and Ends in Gandhian EthicsTrusteeshipSwaraj and Sarvodaya; Lok-Samgraha Compared with UtilitarianismGandhian Guidance for Administrators: the Talisman Test and the Code for Public Servants

  6. Contribution of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world

    Plato: Justice, the Four Cardinal Virtues, the Form of the Good and the Philosopher-KingAristotle: Eudaimonia, Virtue as a Mean and PhronesisKant: Good Will, the Categorical Imperative and Humanity as an EndUtilitarianism: Bentham, Mill, Act and Rule Utilitarianism, the Hedonic CalculusHedonism and Its ParadoxDeontology vs Consequentialism in AdministrationConfucius: Ren, Li, the Exemplary Person and Governing by VirtueRawls on Justice as Fairness, and Moral DeterminismThe Buddha: Four Noble Truths, Dukkha-Nirodha-Marga (the Eightfold Path), Upaya-Kaushalya and the Middle WayMahavira and Jain Ethics: Triratna, Anuvratas, Anekantavada and Ahimsa Parmo DharmaSri Aurobindo: The Life Divine, Integral Yoga and the Evolution of ConsciousnessRabindranath Tagore: Surplus in Man, Humanism and EducationSwami Vivekananda: Practical Vedanta, Service as Worship and Character BuildingDr B.R. Ambedkar: Constitutional Morality, Social Democracy, Justice and "Educate, Agitate, Organise"Kautilya and Thiruvalluvar (Tirukkural): Short Boxes on Public Ethics

  7. Ethical concerns, dilemmas and challenges in administration; AI versus conscience

    Ethical and Moral DilemmaConflict of InterestCorruptionWhistleblowingPrivate vs Professional EthicsAI versus conscience in administrative decision makingAlgorithmic Bias and Accountability

  8. Basis of ethical decision making: social justice, humanitarian concerns, accountability in governance; instrumental rationality versus value rationality

    Social JusticeHumanitarian ConcernsAccountability in GovernanceInstrumental rationality versus value rationalitySteps of Ethical Decision MakingBasic Needs and the Welfare State

  9. Non-factual case studies

    How to solve a case study in RAS MainsCase 9.1: The wedding date and the Class 10 girlCase 9.2: "Cooperation" at the exam centreCase 9.3: The pond catchment and the debt to generationsCase 9.4: The travel allowance billCase 9.5: One lane, two processionsCase 9.6: The party flag at the campCase 9.7: The measurement book requestCase 9.8: The viral video and the first statementCase 9.9: Top of the tableCase 9.10: The wall of namesCase 9.11: One list for solar pumpsCase 9.12: Sharing the water tankersCase 9.13: The wedding horseCase 9.14: A job offer for the sonCase 9.15: The "tea money" speedCase 9.16: The measurement mismatchCase 9.17: The self-help group and the flourCase 9.18: "98 per cent disposal"Case 9.19: The order written by AICase 9.20: Nine school merger files